See in [31] that V_a = 1,40> 1 c;
in [10] that X = 19,213694672 billion light years;
being X > R (ray of our visible universe), where:
R = 13,7 billion light years.
It shows that galaxy P considered in such spreadsheet is out of our visible universe. However, in [37] Ho is 71,3868613 Km/s/Mpc, showing that Hubble constant still valid even for those galaxies that are out of our visible universe, in other words, it is valid for any pair of galaxy of real universe.
See also the consistence of the spreadsheet of real universe when the galaxy P is out of visible universe.
– Sum 2 of angle A, L E O ≠180º;
– Sum 3 of angle B₁, E₁ and A ≠180º;
– Sum 4 of angle E, M and the supplement of L (180º-1) ≠180º.
It happens because the photon emitted by galaxy P does not arrive at Milky Way- Earth. Thus, there is no closing of triangles OP₁L (sum2), L₁PL (sum3) e P₁LP (sum 4). Such being the case, data provided by spreadsheet and calculated in such triangles are not correct.
I calculated the Hubble constant for the first time when I tried to change the N-esima spreadsheet and upon simulating the dynamic between earth and a chosen galaxy many times, I realized that Hubble constant H_o result was always the same, conferring with the results of Astronomy.

Why N-esima spreadsheet?

In July 1998, I read an article which assured that universe was in a accelerate expansion. For explaining such phenomena, the author affirmed that there was a strange energy in vacuum acting as a cosmologic antigravity that is responsible for such acceleration. I considered it an absurd and since then, I began to outline what must have happened after Big Bang.
I was very interested in such subject so, I began to understand about cosmology by searching on the Internet. I started my researches drawing the geometry that describes the trajectories of galaxies and lights between them. I had an insight that If I determined the distance between two galaxies and the deviation velocity between them through geometry, I would be able to calculate the value of Hubble constant thus, to test the veracity of my work conferring such value with that one provided by Astronomy
In the beginning, I considered that the expansion velocity of universe would be the same for all galaxies when I literally interpreted what astromers assured: “The expansion velocity...” as if all galaxies were at the same expansion velocity. Thus, all galaxies were moving away at the same velocity as the place of Big Bang, it let me to construct a pattern in which the universe would be a stratum of galaxies over a spheric surface in other to its interior would be empty. And, in the geometry generated by trajectories of two galaxies forming a triangle given by them and the center (Big Bang’s place), I could determine the distance and the deviation velocity between them, and thus, the value of Hubble Constant H_o.
The value of Hubble constant could get closer to the value provided by Astronomy depending on value of expansion velocity of universe. Such result stimulated me to continue this work, which became a very fascinating hobby; I concluded that the quanta that appeared by Big Bang acquired different velocities, which are proportional to their distances from Big Bang’s place, thus I could improve such pattern. While the volume of universe increased, the pressing generated by the explosion decreased until become null. Thus, each quanta of energy have kept its velocity already acquired, and after that, they were connected by gravity force materializing in fundamental particles that created atoms, which formed nebulas and then, the actual galaxies with their expansion velocity in the universe.
I made many spreadsheets to be simulated in computer according to correct values of expansion velocity of galaxies in the universe. As I did not know the correct functioning on dynamic of universe, I tried many times until find the appropriate spreadsheet. I had many difficulties to find the correct way, so I decided to hire a mathematician of UFMG, the professor Dudenhefner, Francisco who tried to help me to solve such equations, but we did not reach any result. However, when I got the right way, I discovered that the mathematic that rules the dynamic of universe is so simple that any student can understand it.

2º - Frequency f`of light arrival

We can calculate the values of f´ in the spreadsheets in two different ways A and B:

A) Using the Doppler’s formula, f ´ = f (1 - ), where:
f ´ = frequency of light arrival;
f = frequency of light emission;
c = velocity of transmission of light, seen by an observer on the source;
V_a = velocity of galaxy’s deviation;

B) Using the formula of undulatory physics v = lf ´, being:
v = velocity of light arrival if v = c₁;
l = light’s length in the emission and arrival of light ( it is constant);
f ´= frequency of light arrival;
Thus : c₁ = lf ´ or f´ =
The consistence between such both results in any simulation made by spreadsheets prove that light is transmitted at velocity c for an observer on the light source and also that it arrives at velocity c₁ for an observer on the receiver’s referential.
Why should we use the light’s velocity as being c in the formula of Doppler effect and in the formula of undulatory physics we should use the light’s velocity as being c₁ = c-V_a; and also why the values of frequency of arrival f` are the same in both formulas?
In the Doppler Effect we use the velocity of light emission and in the formula of undulatory physics we use the velocity c₁ that it reaches the receiver. It does not matter how such results were obtained because such reasoning is correct. In fact, what really matters is that such results must be identical. Thus, we have proved that the light’s velocity that comes from galaxies is influenced by its deviation velocities V_a.

3º - Background radiation

We use both spreadsheets of real and visible universes, which provide us the frequency of arrival of light f´. Please, observe that in any simulation the value of f´ is always on the visible light band. But, when we simulate the galaxies that move away from us at velocities V_a very close to the value of c, it means, such galaxies that are on the limit of our visible universe

Map of background radiation elaborated by COBE satellite

Spreadsheet of visible universe using V_a

Download 2.

Exemple:
V_a = 0,999975, We will have the spreadsheet on the left side. Such spreadsheet shows us that:
– The light of such galaxy was emitted when the universe was [12] T₁ = 342.500 years.
– The light arrives at us with frequency f´ on the band of microwaves radiations, [13] f´= 1,4940E + 10.
Such data are consistent with the observed information that physicists provide for background radiation:
– The age of universe in the time of its background radiations was ≈ 300.000 years.